ABSTRACT
Introducción: La interacción enfermera-paciente durante el período preoperatorio permite el afronte intraoperatorio y posoperatorio, pero no se hace por desidia o por sobrecarga laboral. Objetivo: Describir las reflexiones en torno a la interacción enfermera-paciente durante el período preoperatorio en un hospital público. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa descriptiva, realizada en el Hospital Belén en Lambayeque, Perú, durante abril y mayo del 2020. La población fueron 20 enfermeras experimentadas en atención preoperatoria. Se realizó muestreo no probabilístico, por técnica de bola de nieve que saturó con ocho enfermeras. Los datos se recolectaron con entrevista semiestructurada por llamada telefónica, y fueron procesadas mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: Tres categorías: a) Elementos indispensables en la interacción: empatía y comunicación terapéutica, b) Interacción para valorar y cuidar de la dimensión emocional, espiritual y física del paciente en el preoperatorio, c) Beneficios de la interacción para la recuperación en el posoperatorio basados en la educación al paciente y su familia. Conclusiones: La interacción enfermera-paciente se inicia a través de la empatía que siente la enfermera y la confianza que genera en el paciente, lo que favorece la comunicación terapéutica, esencial para valorar y cuidar de las necesidades emocionales, espirituales y físicas previa a la intervención quirúrgica. Asimismo, la educación sanitaria al paciente y al familiar es fundamental para el cumplimiento de las indicaciones en el posoperatorio, de manera que haya una recuperación exitosa. Sin embargo, se necesita adecuada dotación del personal de enfermería y comunicación asertiva entre el equipo de salud y la familia(AU)
Introduction: Nurse-patient interaction during the preoperative period allows intraoperative and postoperative coping, but is not done out of idleness or work overload. Objective: To describe the reflections about nurse-patient interaction during the preoperative period in a public hospital. Methods: Descriptive and qualitative research carried out at Belén Hospital in Lambayeque, Peru, during April and May 2020. The study population consisted of twenty nurses experienced in preoperative care. Nonprobabilistic sampling was done, using the "snowball" technique, permitting to identify eight nurses and thus reach saturation. The data were collected with a semistructured interview by telephone call and processed by content analysis. Results: Three categories emerged: a) indispensable elements for interaction: empathy and therapeutic communication; b) interaction to value and care for the emotional, spiritual and physical dimensions of the patient in the preoperative period; and c) benefits of interaction for recovery in the postoperative period based on patient and family education. Conclusions: Nurse-patient interaction starts through the empathy felt by the nurse and the trust that thus produced in the patient, which favors therapeutic communication, essential to value and care for the emotional, spiritual and physical needs prior to surgery. Likewise, health education to the patient and family is essential to comply with postoperative indications, in view of a successful recovery. However, an adequate nursing staff and assertive communication between the health care team and the family are needed(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Preoperative Care , Preoperative Period , Nurse-Patient Relations , Patient Care Team , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Introducción: Este trabajo presenta el proceso de construcción de un protocolo de ingreso del paciente y su familia a la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo UCI. Objetivo: Diseñar un protocolo de ingreso del paciente y su familia a la UCI del Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia como una estrategia para fortalecer la interacción enfermero-paciente/familia, con base en aspectos de humanización en la atención y la Política de seguridad del paciente. Metodología: El protocolo se realiza teniendo en cuenta los lineamientos de la propuesta de Saura y Saturno en 1996 para la elaboración de protocolos clínicos. También se utiliza la estructura de la Guía para la elaboración de protocolos de la Fundación Índex, con los hallazgos obtenidos de una revisión documental. Además, el protocolo se somete a un juicio de expertos. Resultado: Producto de este trabajo, se elabora un protocolo de ingreso del paciente y su familia a la UCI para el HUN estandarizando el proceso del ingreso a la UCI con aspectos de humanización y con la incorporación de la política de seguridad del paciente. Conclusión principal: Se realizó un protocolo de ingreso del paciente y su familia a la UCI para el HUN para cualificar este proceso en la práctica profesional, estandarizándolo con sustento en la evidencia disponible, con consideraciones especiales como la humanización en la atención y con la incorporación de la política de seguridad del paciente.
Introduction: This work shows the construction process of a protocol for the admission of the patient and his family to the Intensive Care Unit ICU. Aim: To design a protocol for the admission of the patient and his family to the ICU of the National University Hospital of Colombia as a strategy to strengthen the nursepatient/family interaction, based on aspects of humanization in care and the Patient Safety Politic. Methodology: The protocol is carried out considering the guidelines of the proposal of Saura and Saturn in 1996 for the elaboration of clinical protocols. The structure of the Guide for the preparation of protocols of the Index Foundation is also used, with the findings obtained from a documentary review. In addition, the protocol is submitted to an expert judgment. Result: As result of this work, a protocol for the admission of the patient and his family to the ICU was elaborated for the HUN, standardizing the process of admission to the ICU with aspects of humanization and with the incorporation of the patient safety politic. Main conclusion: A protocol for the admission of the patient and his family to the ICU for the HUN was made to qualify this process in the professional practice, standardizing it with a support of the available evidence, with special considerations such as humanization in the care and with the incorporation of the patient safety politic.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Clinical Protocols , Intensive Care Units , Patient Safety , Nurse-Patient RelationsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to identify metacommunicative behaviors between nurses and patients in a pediatric unit. The research method included observation using videotaping. Data were collected from December, 2001 to February, 2002. Total six nurses, and eight patients and their mothers in a pediatric unit participated in this study. The interactions were videotaped under the participants' consent. The participants were observed for total 8 hours over 2-day period. Special episodes which were identified as metacommunicative behaviors in the taped interactions were transcribed. Transcription included verbal and nonverbal interactions. Selected episodes were classified using Mitchell's definition. Each classified definitions were named, and categorized by its purpose. The results were as follows: Nineteen metacommunicative behaviors which used frequently by nurses-approaching, mediating eye level, eye contact, touching, encouraging, turnabout, mimic voice, giving choices, friendly demand, expansion, tagging, repeating and confirming, identification, reflection, baby talk, symbolization, description of acts, relaxed posture, turning away- were identified and organized into four categories. They were call for attention, facilitating response, empathy, and tension release. In conclusion, nurses in this study used metacommunicative behaviors frequently and these behaviors were effective in interacting with children. It is suggested that any educational programs to teach communication skills to nurses need to include techniques on metacommunicative behaviors. This will help nurses to be more sensitive to different characteristics of their patients.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Empathy , Mothers , Negotiating , Observational Study , Posture , Voice , Child HealthABSTRACT
The factors that affect the nurse-patient interaction were identified, Sixty-six nurses participated in the cross-sectional survey. Based upon the literature, the factors were classified into 4 categories : the patient, the nurse, the family caregiver, and the situational factors. The data were collected with the open-and closed-ended questionnaire developed by researchers. In the closed-ended questionnaire, the significant factors differentiating the best-liked from the least-liked caring situation were found in all factors expect the nurse factors. None of the nurse factors was found to be significant. In patient factors, the physically attractive stereotype was found to affect patient-nurse interaction . As expected, family caregiver factors were found to affect the nurse-patient interaction. The content analysis was done to identify the specific factors affecting nurse-patient interaction. In both of the best-liked and the least-liked caring situation, the patient factors were the most contributing causes as likely as 68.51% and 66.45%, respectively. Some factors that nurses perceived as causes for the best-liked and the least-liked to care were presented. In conclusion, these results show that nurses are influenced by stereotypes in caring patients. So, some programs to increase awareness of the biases of nurses are included in in-service education. Also the incentives to encourage nurses are needed.